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On February 10, 2007, Barack Obama, then junior United States Senator from Illinois, announced his candidacy for the presidency of the United States in Springfield, Illinois. On June 3, 2008, he secured enough delegates to become the presumptive nominee of the Democratic Party for the 2008 presidential election. He was the first African-American in American History to be nominated by a major party. On November 4, 2008, Obama won the presidential election to become the 44th President of the United States, succeeding George W. Bush. Obama announced his candidacy at the Old State Capitol building, where Abraham Lincoln delivered his "House Divided" speech in 1858. Obama was the main challenger, along with John Edwards, to Democratic Party Front-runner Hillary Rodham Clinton for much of 2007. His initial victory in the Iowa caucus helped bring him to national prominence from a crowded field of Democratic challengers, and his campaign began to trade a series of hard-fought state wins with expected frontunner Clinton in January, a trend that continued through Super Tuesday, in which Obama had great success in large rural states and Clinton was nearly as dominant in high-population coastal areas. Obama continued to have remarkable fundraising and electoral success in February, winning all 11 state and territorial-level contests after Super Tuesday and "chipping away" at Clinton's core supporters in key states. Obama won the Vermont primary, however ended up losing Ohio and Rhode Island thus losing six delegates of his lead. Obama then won the Wyoming caucus and Mississippi primary and later lost the Pennsylvania primary. After Obama won the North Carolina primary and narrowly lost the Indiana primary, superdelegates began to endorse Obama in greater numbers. Despite losing West Virginia and Kentucky by wide margins, Obama's win in Oregon gave him an absolute majority of the pledged delegates, and he maintained that majority after the full delegations of Florida and Michigan were seated at half voting strength by a May 31 Democratic National Committee ruling. After a rush of support for Obama from superdelegates on June 3, the day of the final primary contests of Montana and South Dakota, Obama was estimated to surpass the 2,118 delegates required for the Democratic nomination. On June 7, Clinton formally ended her candidacy and endorsed Obama, making him the party's presumptive nominee. On August 27, the Democratic Party of the United States nominated Barack Obama to run for the office of the President of the United States of America. ==Pre-announcement== A warmly received keynote address by Obama before the 2004 Democratic National Convention sparked expectations that he would run for the presidency.〔Sullivan, Amy. ("Obama for President," ) ''Washington Monthly'' (guest article), July 28, 2004. Retrieved on January 8, 2007〕 They intensified after Obama's decisive victory in the race for senator in November 2004, even though he told reporters then that "I can unequivocally say I will not be running for national office in four years."〔Fornek, Scott. "Obama for president? That's 'silly'," ''Chicago Sun-Times'', November 4, 2004. Available at (FindArticles.com ), Retrieved on January 8, 2007〕 In September 2006, though, Obama was the featured speaker at Iowa Senator Tom Harkin's annual steak fry, a political event traditionally attended by presidential hopefuls in the lead-up to the Iowa caucuses.〔Kornblut, Anne E. ("For This Red Meat Crowd, Obama's '08 Choice Is Clear," ) ''New York Times'', September 18, 2006〕 And in an October 2006 interview on the television program ''Meet the Press'', the senator seemed to entertain the possibility of a 2008 presidential bid.〔MSNBC. (MTP Transcript for Oct. 22 ), ''Meet the Press'', October 22, 2006. Retrieved on January 8, 2007〕 Illinois Senator Richard Durbin and State Comptroller Daniel Hynes were early advocates for such a run.〔Babington, Charles. ("Obama's Profile Has Democrats Taking Notice: Popular Senator Is Mentioned as 2008 Contender," ) ''Washington Post'', June 18, 2006, Page A01 See also: McQueary, Kristen. (Obama, Hynes now war buddies ), ''Daily Southtown'', December 10, 2006. Retrieved on January 13, 2007〕 Many people in the entertainment community expressed readiness to campaign for an Obama presidency, including celebrity television show host Oprah Winfrey, singer Macy Gray, rap artist Common, and film actors George Clooney, Halle Berry, and Will Smith.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Barack_Obama_presidential_primary_campaign__2008 )〕 In December 2006, Obama spoke at a New Hampshire event celebrating Democratic Party midterm election victories in the first-in-the-nation U.S. presidential primary state, drawing 1500 people. Speaking at a Democratic National Committee meeting one week before the February announcement, Obama called for putting an end to negative campaigning. "This can't be about who digs up more skeletons on who, who makes the fewest slip-ups on the campaign trail," he said. "We owe it to the American people to do more than that."〔 Full text from (CQ Transcripts Wire ). Retrieved on November 18, 2007. See also: 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Barack Obama presidential primary campaign, 2008」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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